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genetic engineering


Human genetic engineering is the genetic engineering of humans by modifying the genotype of the unborn individual to control what traits it will possess when born.

Genetic Engineering is the science of manipulating an organism's genetic material to modify the proteins it produces. It is used in taking genes and segments of DNA from one species to put them into another.

Genetic Engineering provides a set of techniques to cut DNA either randomly or at a number of specific sites. Once the DNA is isolated one can study its different segments, multiply them up and splice them next to any other DNA of another cell or organism. GE makes it possible to break through the species barrier and to shuffle information between completely unrelated species; for example, to splice the anti-freeze gene from flounder into tomatoes or strawberries, an insect-killing toxin gene from bacteria into maize, cotton or rapeseed, or genes from humans into pig.



cloning
Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two!